UK ATM System Could Have Ruined Economy 135
seanyboy writes "The Register is running the story of how the UK banking system could have collapsed in the early 1990s, how easy it was at the time to withdraw against other people's accounts and the worrying case of a Bank's rogue IT Department." From the article: "What quickly became clear was that the law needed a system to provide proof that events had happened so that legal cases could be made. You might say that 'the computer debited the account', but to a barrister (and more importantly, a judge) that's not enough. Did the computer do it at random? In that case it's like a tree branch falling - an accident. Or did a person program it to do so? In which case the person must be able to testify about the precise circumstances when a debit could happen. Sounds daft, but the law rests on proving each step of an argument irrefutably."
What A Mess (Score:5, Interesting)
Re:What A Mess (Score:2)
Not just 1990's bank machines (Score:1, Informative)
Re:What A Mess (Score:1)
Re:What A Mess (Score:2)
Re:What A Mess (Score:2, Insightful)
In order for defense attorneys to exercise this compulsory power ("Show up or be arrested"), they have to be granted executive powers, making them de facto officers.
Constitutional requirements for due process also require certain rules to be followed by both sides. Defense attorneys ar
We're fine now (Score:1)
Wasn't so hot in 1987 either (Score:4, Interesting)
Jackpot! (Score:1)
Hell, Washington Mutual lets you do that now. (Score:2)
It's slightly different in the States (Score:1, Informative)
Personally, I'd rather have the ATM tell me to bugger off.
Re:It's slightly different in the States (Score:1)
That's not how the Nat West Cheat worked (Score:3, Informative)
First of all, it would only work with a Nat West Deposit Account, if you did it with a current account you were screwed as you would get charged.
Lets say you had a big weekend coming up, you had £100 in your pocket and £100 in the bank. You would go to the bank and deposit £100 in the branch so you had £200 in Nat West. This would flag up on the ATM as you had £200 to withdraw, so you could go and withdraw
Re:Wasn't so hot in 1987 either (Score:3, Interesting)
Around the same time ATMs here in Australia would do that if they could not contact the banks central systems. This often happened during night time batch processing.
I funded a hitch hiking trip around Tasmania in 1987 by making night time withdrawls.
What happened to me... (Score:5, Interesting)
I went to withdraw from an ATM. I put the card in, entered my PIN, and selected the amount I wanted - $200.
The ATM goes nuts and procedes to give me only $160 while debiting my account two transactions: one for $200 and another for $160.
I call my credit union and I tell them what happened. They tell me to fax a letter stating that I was diputing the $200. I did. They audited the ATM.
Long story short, the credit union backed out the $200 debit.
Re:What happened to me... (Score:2)
Re:What happened to me... (Score:1)
Beware using an ATM in a thunderstorm. I was at the ATM of a drive-through bank on a rainy Sunday. I stuck my card in and began the transaction just in time for the electricity to blink off and then on again. The ATM blanked out. I sat there and watched as it rebooted (Windows) and stopped at the desktop. I could get no response from the machine and it apparently wasn't giving my card back. No employees at the bank, being a weekend, so I immediately went home and called to cancel the card.
Is
Re:What happened to me... (Score:2)
Re:What happened to me... (Score:3, Informative)
What if the electricity had gone out for much longer? And, upon boot, the machine cleared the cardreader by spitting your ATM card into the street? That'd be worse, methinks.
--
Phil
Re:What happened to me - Exploitation of a bug. (Score:3, Interesting)
This went on for a year before they fixed it. Anytime I was really low on cash I'd go make a free withdrawal in the middle of the night.
I still don't know how it wo
Re:What happened to me - Exploitation of a bug. (Score:3, Interesting)
I worked for a company who, among other things, serviced ATMs. Although it wasn't 8 years ago, they certainly looked after some of that era (and then some).
They serviced Diebold, IBM and NCR machines, among others (like those little cash terminals). If the ATM goes offline for "maintenance", the authorised field tech has to call the Bank's NOC and obtain a new 3DES key to punch into the thing.
And believe me, if there is _ANY_ kind of network problem which prevents the ATM from
Re:What happened to me... (Score:1)
After approximately 30 seconds, the ATM sucked/retracted the $100 back into the machine.
I called my credit union, sent in the dispute form. About a month later, I get a letter stating that my dispute has been denied (by PNC bank, the owner of the ATM).
Apparently, there was no record of the re
Call that Nuts (Score:5, Interesting)
There was a known fault on some of the ATMS where the "picker" and the "presenter" units could go into a runaway condition.
This happened on London's Edgeware Road while the shutter (remember them) was open.
So there we were with the ATM spewing £5's and &10s all over the street as fast as it could pick them.
A number of passers by collected up the money while another went into the bank to alert the staff.
Amazingly when the bank balanced the ATM they found that there was no money missing.
A retrofit was quicly engineered to prevent the presenter motors running when the picker unit was in operation.
At first glance (Score:1)
ha ha! (Score:2)
/You say "Asyncrhonous Transfer Mode" and I say "Air Traffic Management"
Re:At first glance (Score:2)
Re:At first glance (Score:2)
Re:At first glance (Score:2)
Re:At first glance (Score:2)
Related articles (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Related articles (Score:2)
record audit standards (Score:3, Interesting)
I suppose this sort of duplicates the functions of a transaction log but I don't know if a transaction log is queryable.
The reason why I ask is that I suppose it might have been useful in this case (as long as the law enforces audit logging)
Re:record audit standards (Score:2)
OK, Somewhat less flame-y (Score:3, Informative)
accounts describes all the accounts
JournalEntries shows the date, time, type, who, etc of each transaction
Re:record audit standards (Score:1, Insightful)
Traditionally, however, a classic database is mated with a transaction log. The transaction log can be rerun to get the state of the database at any point in time. That way if the database is modified or goes kaput, the transaction log can be
Re:record audit standards (Score:2)
Re:record audit standards (Score:2)
The easiest technique is to buy a database with a queryable transaction log.
The second easiest technique is create a table that contains all prior states of the data plus timestamps, and create a view that contains the current
Re:record audit standards (Score:1)
Basically you have:
- a version number added to each primary key
- a sequence to generate a new version number for each transaction
- and a status for deletable objects.
When you want to delete, you insert a new row with status deleted.
All your queries find the max version number, and filter out deleted records (unless you are searching for old information).
A process may periodically move old records to an archiving
Log record consolidation from SenSage (Score:2)
You need to check out products from SenSage Inc. They specialize in collecting log data from all levels of the network and consolidating it in a central log repository, queryable by SQL. This is the best technology for recording legal audit trails of electronic networks, and is a big deal for forensics, compliance, ...
Sensage [sensage.com]Meanwhile, the paranoid old guy (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Meanwhile, the paranoid old guy (Score:2)
Meh! This guy's a lightweight. He believes that those crumpled pieces of paper are actually worth something. Do you think that the gubment'll do anything for them if the banks all go belly up? I don't think so!
/me checks shoulder and runs into closet to caress pile of shiny stones
Re:Meanwhile, the paranoid old guy (Score:2)
Hope inflation doesn't make your shiny stones worth about 1/2 what you paid for them.
Me, I stock ammo. In TEOTWAWKI, some things just have intrinsic value.
"Accidentally" debit an account? (Score:1)
And they think worries about... (Score:4, Insightful)
It would be a sad thing if we've already lost our democracy.
Re:And they think worries about... (Score:3, Interesting)
Lack of proportional voting, Electoral college, Two party system etc etc etc
Myself, I want all public positions decided by lotto. Pull the SSN out of a hat, Ms. Brown welcome to the white house.
This way the government is a true representation of the country as a whole not some old rich wasp guy clique.
Re:And they think worries about... (Score:2)
Re:And they think worries about... (Score:2)
think troubles (Score:2)
Similar sentences:
I think troubles with understanding each other are the root of all miscommunication.
I think fears about terrorism are largely unfounded in modern day America.
I think acts of nature are causing much larger problems.
"Worry", "trouble", "fear", and "act" can all be verbs
Re:"think worries" (Score:2)
Computers? (Score:5, Funny)
ObFamilyGuy (Score:1)
Re:Computers? (Score:1)
I SAID FUCK OFF!!
In industrialized Britain... (Score:4, Funny)
Re:In industrialized Britain... (Score:2)
It is certainly very very true.
How much should you believe this? (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:2)
This is typical of the Register's technical reporting btw, they often fuck up the retelling.
- Oisin
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:2, Informative)
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:1)
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:2)
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:2)
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:5, Informative)
First, only 3 PINs being generated by the card issuing system. I can see this is possible if you hack the application code itself but the HSMs (hardware security modules) that actually do the cryptographic operations wouldn't do this using Visa, IBM or Diebold PIN offset generation calls. It's possible, but it would be an insider job in one bank NOT the whole banking system.
This is what the article indicates, it was the people working with the PIN production system rigged it to do thisSecond, the description of the scam is that one PIN offset on track 2 can be used with multiple account numbers. Again, all the standard PIN methods explicitly prevent this - the account number (PAN) is part of the input data to the PIN verification call.
The account number did not feature in this case, thus simply changing the account number on the card was sufficent, the original PIN would still work
Third, the description has the crook shoulder surfing for PINs. Why does he need to do this if any known PIN can be used with any account?
This is what the guy used to do originally, then he discovered the account number rewriting trick
The article is not that well writen, it took me 2 1/2 reads of the article to actually establish all of the above. what I want to know is, who is "rogue Bank" and are they the same one I bank with
Rogue Bank (Score:1)
Well, after that Hack, Rogue Bank's CEO Frank ADOM resigned. The bank went belly-up and was bought out by Angbank, a subsidiary of Moria Holding.
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:1)
Re:How much should you believe this? (Score:2)
There were four main British clearing banks operating at the time:
Not new actually... (Score:5, Interesting)
In Mexico, in the 1988 elections, the opposition candidate was winning by a large margin according to the official data. Then suddenly, "the system crashed", and when it came up, the official party was winning by a large margin.
This event was called "La caida del sistema de 1988" [google.com], and makes me think that there's nothing new under the sun (Diebold voting machines, anyone?).
The lesson is clear: Regarding data and computers, if someone can do something wrong, he WILL. So auditing is a must.
Re:Not new actually... (Score:1)
Re:Not new actually... (Score:1)
Re:Not new actually... (Score:1)
Sounds like 2 issues here (Score:4, Insightful)
2 - The UK didn't have something similar to Reg E in the United States regulating "electronic" banking (in the US, that would include ACH items, wire transfers, and ATM/debit card transactions). And apparently, the UK doesn't have the banking regulatory structure to add such regulations as necessary without passing new laws.
If anyone is interested, here is Reg E in all of its glory. [gpoaccess.gov]
Another 1990s ATM exploit (Score:4, Interesting)
I'm reasonable sure the story is completely true, although since my dad isn't around anymore, I can't ask him about it.
Re:Another 1990s ATM exploit (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:Another 1990s ATM exploit (Score:2)
Re:Another 1990s ATM exploit (Score:1)
I've noticed that the ATMs I use most frequently eject the card before handing out the cash.
Re:Another 1990s ATM exploit (Score:2)
This is good practice on another level.
You go to the machine to get cash.
If you get your cash first you are more likely to leave without your card.
TFA is total bullshit (Score:1)
Whats the name of the "rogue bank"?
He was trying to charge £1,750 per hour? Now he's going to court to try to collect fees that where not paid?
Nice try, but advice to the authors of the register dot com: if you are going to make up a story, try to make it sound believable.
--Barry
Re:TFA is total bullshit (Score:1)
Exactly. That's why I say the article is Bullshit.
I don't care how many clients he was representing. Trying to charge several thousand dollars per hour is clear evidence that something is wrong with his story.
And, BTW, even in the 90s, no bank was that careless about security. The article suggests that banks setup "dummy accounts", and allowed "dummy cards" to withdraw real money from those accounts. Does t
Re:TFA is total bullshit (Score:1)
Re:TFA is total bullshit (Score:2)
The article suggests that banks setup "dummy accounts", and allowed "dummy cards" to withdraw real money from those accounts. Does this sound likely to be true?
Well yes I would say, some people built a system and it needed to be tested. But there was a certain sequence of event which caused this to become significant:
1. I looks like the people who could create the dummy accounts were also involved in the construction/maintenence of the system, and could get a the physical cards which were produced. In i
Re:TFA is total bullshit (Score:2)
What I was trying to say is that the Dummy accounts were created by the fraudsters as a way of getting physical cards, they were the programmed with real account details, which at the time could be got from a discarded recipt. Sure, some dummy accounts had real money in them, for testing, but not these ones. I think the idea behind this is that no one would notice the cards from the new dummy accounts missing, thus giving more time to commit the fraud, and it avoided having to pickpocket etc. The limit of t
Re:TFA is total bullshit (Score:2)
I don't think he represented 2,000 people personally. He would have needed to have had several staff in his practice dedicated on this case, and lawyer-types don't come cheap. Barristers get paid shit loads because it takes a long time to get there; they are pretty high up in British law. Some of the top ones earn £1,000,000 per year, say 1.6 million dollars?
All of the hacks are 100% plausib
Anyone seen my red stapler? (Score:1)
Bank: Yeah. The withdralws errr coversheet. I know, I know. I'm uh...working on the ATM errors right now.
Lawyer: Yeah. So if you could just remember to do make sure the customer only withdralws his own money from now on, that'd be great.
Why Cryptosystems Fail (Score:3, Informative)
A German friend of mine had phamtom debits (Score:3, Interesting)
So I think there are newer cases than 1992 that this comes from.
U.S. Banks (Score:2)
But banks would prefer secrecy and bad legislation to contain their screw ups.
Re:U.S. Banks (Score:3, Informative)
However, this info is 10 years old. Does anyone know what's happened to banking law in the meantime?
EFT vulnerability (Score:4, Interesting)
But this story gets better. I went on a trip and didn't see my friend for a few weeks. She noticed the debit in her checking account and at first thought it was something fishy. She called her bank and they told her the name of the credit card company and said that she'd have to call the credit card company to find out more. She called the CC company and they couldn't help her even though they had taken her money. After a couple weeks, she made the connection that it was probably me, sent me an email and I confirmed it. She had a father who went to jail for banking fraud and wasn't freaked out by things like this.
But the point is, that there's no security on EFT transfers, or for that matter checks. I could print up a check if I know the routing and account numbers and just cash it at one of those check cashing places... I can't believe that our system hasn't collapsed yet.
Re:EFT vulnerability (Score:2)
Yes, you were. At the very least, that was an unauthorized electronic funds transfer - a wire fraud. Just because she had given you a check, doesn't mean that you can convert it to an ACH item (which is what you did in this case) without her explicit authorization.
Re:EFT vulnerability (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:EFT vulnerability (Score:3, Informative)
Online services are not banks (unless they are banks, but that's different). If I'm at some website and want to pay via "e-check", the company doesn't have incentive to vali
Re:EFT vulnerability (Score:2)
My bank never noticed until I told them and turned myself in.
Re:EFT vulnerability (Score:1, Informative)
free money from ATMs (Score:2, Funny)
Re:free money from ATMs (Score:3, Insightful)
The journal roll is checked and the five failed transactions are found to occur between two of your transactions.
I don't think you have to try this too many times before they are onto you
Re:free money from ATMs (Score:2, Interesting)
But, if you replace the tape, and take only some of the money (an amount completely unrelated to either of your deposits), and lodge a complaint as well, I imagine you could get away with it.
Then I realized, that you'd still leave a trail. What dumbass uses a broken ATM twice at two different times?
Perhaps if you had use of someone else's card to make the final "withdrawal".
could have...? (Score:1, Funny)
The Briths economy is already fucked, and has been for some time.
Of course, sixteen years of economic incompetence will do that to a country, especially when eight of them are under Marxist government... currently shifting to a despotic Marxist government.
God save the fucking Queen. Nobody else can.
Yeah, but which bank was it? (Score:2)
But I don't really know.
Anyone?
Re:Yeah, but which bank was it? (Score:2, Informative)
Some criminals are using card readers and hidden cameras.
http://www.snopes.com/crime/warnings/atmcamera.asp [snopes.com]
http://bizpartner.com.my/article/23 [bizpartner.com.my]
In Malaysia, a gang even created a fake ATM machine that "collected" the users cards and pin numbers.
By the time the user get the new ATM card and the bank statement. Thousands of dollars would have disappear from their account.
They proved this in the Netherlands - on TV (Score:2)
Before you ask, they weren't silly. They had (if I recall correctly) the whole thing audited and monitored by both a lawyer and the police.
The evil bit was that they had scheduled interviews with major bank directors the next day and t
More ATM Horror Stories (Score:2)
In Taiwan, machines can be used not only to withdraw money, but also to transfer it. This is used for scams where people are told they won some amount of money, they just need to enter their PIN to get it transferred to their account...